He died of a heart attack on 25 August 1936 following the Trial of the Sixteen, incidentally on the same day that Lev Kamenev (no relation) and Grigory Zinoviev were executed.

In the pre-war period, Kamenev participated in numerous maneuvers and field trips, which significantly expanded his horizons and training as a general staff officer and commander.

As the regiment's colonel, Kamenev showed himself as a firm commander, who possesses courage, orderliness and composure, loves military affairs, knows and cares about the life of an officer and a soldier.

From April 1918, Kamenev served in the Western Front, covering the territory of Soviet Russia from the possible resumption of war with Germany.

From the very beginning of the new service, Kamenev was confronted with the ills of the first period of the Red Army's existence – partisanship, disobedience, the presence of criminal elements in subordinate units, desertion.

Kamenev's task at that time was to take over the counties of the Vitebsk province from the Germans who left them, as well as the formation of divisions for the Red Army.

However, in connection with the spring offensive of Kolchak's armies, these cities had to be abandoned, and the front again rolled back to the Volga region.

The side that managed to sum up their blows won, inflicting those continuously and thus not allowing the enemy to heal their wounds.By his own admission, Kamenev was not well versed in the political situation, which he saw "as if in a fog."

In July 1919, as a result of the scandalous "affair" of the Field Headquarters of the Republic's Revolutionary Military Council, which became a manifestation of the political struggle of the groups in the Bolshevik elite, commander-in-chief Vatsetis was deposed and arrested along with his closest associates.

It was the Bolsheviks Sergey Gusev and Ivar Smilga, Kamenev's comrades from the RVS of the Eastern Front, that influenced Lenin to take this decision.

As a result, Kamenev was on the post of commander in chief – the highest position in Soviet Russia on which a non-party military officer could count.

Already when he was on the Eastern Front, he had drafted a plan to fight Denikin, which included actions to prevent his formation with Kolchak's armies.

By the time Kamenev was appointed commander-in-chief, such a plan was already outdated, since Kolchak was defeated, and his connection with the White armies of southern Russia already seemed unlikely.

Nevertheless, Kamenev showed great stubbornness in defending his plan, which provided for an offensive through the Don region, where the Reds were most fiercely resisted by the anti-Bolshevik-minded Cossacks.

[2] Plans had to be urgently changed and the situation was saved through coordinated actions of the fronts, as a result of which a turning point was reached.

Both possessed undoubted strategic qualities, both had experience of a great war, both were distinguished by an optimistic temperament, without which it is impossible to command.

Kamenev died as a result of a heart attack before he himself could fall victim to the Great Purge and he did not go through the slander, humiliation and betrayal that so many of his comrades did.

Nevertheless, posthumously – from 1937 until Joseph Stalin's death – Kamenev was counted among the "enemies of the people", and his name and works for several decades turned out to be forgotten.