Sergio Doplicher graduated in Physics at the Sapienza University of Rome in 1963 under the supervision of Giovanni Jona-Lasinio.

With John E. Roberts[5] and Haag, he examined superselection rules in the algebraic quantum field theory, providing the first proof of the spin–statistics theorem entirely based only on first principles.

After introducing the split-property, he derived exact current algebras and a weak form of a quantum Noether theorem.

[12] He is author of the first article of the first number of the scientific journal Communications in Mathematical Physics.

[16] In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society[17] and in 2019 a member of the Academia Europaea.