Serpentovirinae, commonly known as serptentoviruses, is a virus subfamily within the family Tobaniviridae which is within the order Nidovirales.

These lesions are usually inflamed and pneumonic, and can cause greater complications and morbidity when the animal is also infected with bacterial bronchopneumonia.

[10] Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction can be used to detect viral RNA and is the most common form of diagnosis.

[2][4][9][12] There have been observations that serpentovirus species diversity varies between animal populations and also geographic ranges.

Additionally, sequencing of viral RNA from infected animals has shown the ability of serpentoviruses to become recombinant during replication and transmission, leading to rapid diversification.