Service Canada officially began operations on September 14, 2005 with a mandate to provide a single point of access to a range of government services and benefits either in person, by phone, by internet, or by mail.

Service Canada's origins, however, date back to 1998 when the Government of Canada began developing an integrated citizen-centred service strategy based on detailed surveys of citizens' needs and expectations.

The goal of delivering citizen-centred service has also been embraced by most developed countries around the world for several years – with Canada consistently ranked as a leader in the field by consulting firms such as Accenture.

The department is the Government of Canada's major provider of social programs, services and benefits, and is a key player in the development of the full range of social policies at the federal level.

Service Canada is a sponsor of Women in Science and Engineering Newfoundland and Labrador (WISE NL).