They grow through and project through a secondary or accessory cell of a type called a tormogen, which generates the special flexible membrane that connects the base of the seta to the surrounding integument.
Depending partly on their form and function, setae may be called hairs, macrotrichia, chaetae, or scales.
[5] The pads on a gecko's feet are small hair-like processes that play a role in the animal's ability to cling to vertical surfaces.
This equates to ~ 6.2 pN per seta, but does not sufficiently account for the overall stickiness behavior shown by the foot pads.
[9] In mycology, "setae" refer to dark-brown, thick-walled, thornlike cystidia found in corticioid and poroid fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae.
In botany, "seta" refers to the stalk supporting the capsule of a moss or liverwort (both closely related in a clade called "Setaphyta"), and supplying it with nutrients.
[11] In the diatom family Chaetocerotaceae, "seta" refers to the hairlike outgrowths of the valve, i.e. of the face of the cells.