The Cham kings were careful to seek formal enfeoffment from the Ming Dynasty in China, in order to gain diplomatic assistance against the Vietnamese.
After more than twenty years of diplomatic silence, the envoy Sha Bu Deng Gu Lu appeared in 1543 to offer tribute to the Jiajing Emperor.
[2] The unreliable but sometimes well-informed Portuguese author Fernão Mendes Pinto also relates in his work Peregrinação that the ruler of Cochin(-china) attacked the King of Champa in c.
He alleges that he visited the coastal region in 1540 and that the king resided in an upriver city called Pilaucacem where much commerce took place.
Indigenous Cham historical traditions, written down much later, mention the Po Maho Sarak Dynasty that supposedly ruled in the mid decades of the 16th century.