After graduating from a bachelor's program in 1998, he left Georgia to study law in the Saarland University.

From 2015 to 2017, Papuashvili was the Deputy Program Manager of the German International Cooperation Society (GIZ).

On 27 March 2021, Papuashvili became the secretary of public relations of the Georgian Dream party.

[4][7] On 3 June 2024, Papuashvili signed into the effect the Georgian Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence which obliged non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to register as "organizations carrying the interests of a foreign power" and disclose the sources of their income if the funds they receive from abroad amount to more than 20% of their total revenue.

[8] Similarly, on 3 October 2024, Papuashvili signed the Georgian Family Values Bill which banned the "LGBT propaganda" after President Zurabishvili refused signing it, with Papuashvili saying that the law is "based on common sense, historical experience, and centuries-old Christian, Georgian, and European values rather than being shaped by temporary ideologies".