[2][3] Arroyo's favorite subject since first grade was math[3] and she went on to major in mathematics at Stanford University, advised by Ralph Louis Cohen.
She then attended Cornell University for graduate study,[3] and completed her Ph.D. in 1993 with the dissertation Towards a Computational Complexity Theory that uses Approximate Data and Knowledge supervised by James Renegar.
[4] Arroyo is part of the 43-member Applied Mathematics Group at Boeing's Research and Technology group where she works with Boeing's engineers to develop mathematical algorithms and tools that they can use to reduce costs and contracting costs and the improve company's product designs.
[5] She was elected to the 2022 Class of SIAM Fellows, "for leadership in, promotion of, and contributions to the industrial practice of operations research".
[6] She was a 2019 winner of the WORMS Award for the Advancement of Women in Operations Research and Management Science.