Shigeho Tanaka (田中茂穂, Tanaka Shigeho, 1878–1974) was a Japanese ichthyologist and professor of zoology at the Imperial University of Tokyo.
He published numerous works on fishes and sharks and co-authored a book on Japanese fish with famous American scientist David Starr Jordan.
Jordan, D. S., S. Tanaka, and J. O. Snyder.
A catalogue of the fishes of Japan.
The genus Tanakia D. S. Jordan & W. F. Thompson 1914 was named for Tanaka, as an “accomplished” ichthyologist of the Imperial University of Tokyo, who described Tanakia shimazui in 1908 and Pseudorhodeus tanago in 1909.