Shigeru Nambara (南原繁) was a Japanese political scientist, who served as the president of the University of Tokyo and the Japan Academy, and as a member of the House of Peers.

During World War II, he published a book titled Nation and Religion: a Study of European Spiritual History, dedicating a chapter to the criticism of Nazi ideology, which was Japan's major ally at the time.

Partly due to his scepticism against the country's pre-war ideology and his anti-war stance, he was elected president of the university in December 1945, four months after Japan's surrender.

When he visited the United States for the first time after the war in 1949 to attend a conference on education organised by the Home Secretary, he shared this view with Dwight Eisenhower, then president of Columbia University.

[4] This enraged Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida, a staunch supporter of signing a peace treaty only with Western powers, who labelled him 'a wicked scholar who is willing to distort knowledge to ingratiate with the masses (曲学阿世の輩)'.