Japan's first subway line, operated by the Tokyo Underground Railroad Company, was extended to Shimbashi in 1934.

In January 1939, the Tokyo Rapid Railway Company built a second subway station at Shimbashi for its line from Shibuya.

The Toei Asakusa Line began service to Shimbashi in 1968, and the elevated Yurikamome station opened in 1995.

The site was declared a national monument in 1996 and the area was archeologically investigated while being redeveloped as a commercial district ("Shiosite") with a number of large office blocks.

The station facilities of the Ginza Line were inherited by Tokyo Metro after the privatization of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA) in 2004.