The Shire of Yilgarn is a local government area in the eastern Wheatbelt region of Western Australia about 400 kilometres (250 mi) east of Perth, the state capital.

The Shire covers an area of 30,720 square kilometres (11,860 sq mi) and its seat of government is the town of Southern Cross.

The main industries within the Shire are mining and farming.

The town of Southern Cross separated as the Municipality of Southern Cross on 16 June 1892, but was re-absorbed into the road district on 8 February 1918.

The towns and localities of the Shire of Yilgarn with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census:[3][4] As of 2023, 116 places are heritage-listed in the Shire of Yilgarn,[32] of which 15 are on the State Register of Heritage Places.