Between the years 143 and 141 BC, Wén Wēng (文翁), the Western Han dynasty governor of Shu Commandery (modern Sichuan), established the first Chinese public school, Shujun Junxue (Shu Commandery Academy, 蜀郡郡学).

In the 17th century, as the Ming dynasty collapsed, Zhang Xianzhong's rebel force devastated Sichuan and the school was destroyed.

In September 1952, after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the school changed its name to Chengdu No.

Its admission is highly selective, and attracts applications each year from both local and neighboring middle schools.

Most Shishi students scored among the top 10% of their peers on the junior middle school exit exam.