Shmuel Ashkenasi (Hebrew: שמואל אשכנזי; born January 11, 1941) is an Israeli violinist and teacher.

He arrived in the United States while still young and studied with Efrem Zimbalist at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

As a soloist, he has toured the Soviet Union twice and plays concerts every year throughout Europe, Israel and the Far East.

In 1969, Ashkenasi was chosen to form a string quartet by then-chair of the Department of Music at Northern Illinois University, Stan Ballinger.

Its discography includes works of Beethoven, Bartók, Brahms, Dvořák, Haydn (a Grammy-nominated recording of the Seven Last Words of Christ produced by the violist of the quartet, Richard Young), Schubert, Schnittke, Tchaikovsky, and Verdi.