Shmuel Auerbach (Hebrew: שמואל אוירבך; September 21, 1931 – February 24, 2018)[1] was a Haredi rabbi in Jerusalem.

His followers formed a political organisation known as the Jerusalem Faction.

[3] In 2013, as the Israeli government launched a campaign to draft Ultra Orthodox men into the IDF, the organisation adopted a controversial policy of demonstrations and incitement against the draft.

[6] He was born in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Sha'arei Hesed—as was his father[6]—and resided there all his life.

[11] He was the head of the Bnei Torah [he] party (colloquially referred to as "Etz"), which he founded.