Reb Shmuel ben Avraham Yeshayahu of Karov (Hebrew: שמואל בן אברהם ישעיהו מקארוב; c. 1735 - 1820) was a late 18th-century Polish Hasidic rebbe who was a leading disciple of both Elimelech of Lizhensk and Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin.
Despite his illustrious pedigree, he grew up in immense poverty, to the point where the community needed to support him during the Jewish holidays.
In 1815, Reb Shmuel became the head of his own Hasidic court in Kurów, which received thousands of young Hasidim from surrounding areas.
Among his most notable followers were Natan of Makova and Yechezkel Taub, who founded Kuzmir Hasidism.
After his death, his eldest son, Reb Dovid refused to succeed him as head of the court in Kurów and thus he majority of his followers travelled to Simcha Bunim of Peshischa.