Rosalia Gillelovna Zlatopolsky[1] was born in 1892 in Kiev in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine), the daughter of Hillel Zlatopolsky (1868–1932), a Zionist leader, philanthropist and co-founder of Keren Hayesod, and his wife, Fania (née Mirkin), a homemaker.

Hillel Zlatopolsky had been decorated by France with the order of the Legion of Honor for his contributions to business.

In 1917,[citation needed] she founded the publication Omanut (Art)[3] in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, with her husband, Itzhak-Yosef Zelikovich-Persitz.

[citation needed] In 1932, her father was murdered in Paris by one of his employees, Leon Laval, who later committed suicide.

She was elected to the first, second and third Knessets for the General Zionists and was chairwoman of the Education and Culture Committee.