Most shower splash guard designs are based on a right triangle, where the 90 degree legs are attached to the wall and tub ledge.
Generally, shower splash guards are made from plastic and function as a dam to prevent water from escaping the bathtub and pooling on the floor.
These devices are installed to fill the intersecting void between the top ledge of the bathtub and the perpendicular wall.
Other common devices for containing water spray include a highly flexible, waterproof bathtub or shower curtain, or more recently, a shower door, which is a permanently installed sliding or pivoting door made from glass or plastic.
Shower or bathtub curtains are more commonly installed because of their very low cost and ease of installation, requiring only a rod, which may be removable, that spans between the end walls of the open side of the bathtub, and rings or hooks for attaching the curtain.