[1] The shoulder-raising action may be accompanied by rotating the palms upwards, pulling closed lips downwards, raising the eyebrows or tilting the head to one side.
[2] A shrug is an emblem, meaning that it integrates the vocabulary of only certain cultures and may be used in place of words.
[3] In many countries, such as the United States, Sweden and Morocco, a shrug represents hesitation or lack of knowledge; however, in other countries, such as Japan and China, shrugging is uncommon and is not used to show hesitation.
People from the Philippines, Iran and Iraq may interpret a shrug as a somewhat impolite sign of confidence.
[4] The Gallic shrug, "generally a nuanced gesture with myriad meanings",[5] is performed by sticking out your lower lip, raising your eyebrows and shoulders simultaneously,[6][7][8][9][10] and voicing a nonchalant bof.