Siamesed cylinders

Siamesed cylinders are engine cylinders arranged in such a way that they have no channels between them to allow water or other coolant to circulate.

[1][2] Cylinders are generally arranged in this manner when the engine block is of limited size or when stability of the cylinder bores is of concern, such as in racing engines.

[3] The advantage is that the engine block will be reduced in size, or the bore can be increased in size.

The disadvantage is a higher temperature between two cylinders, requiring a stronger engine block to avoid distortion of the metal, and better gasket sealing between the two bores.

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Blown head gasket at the hottest location between two siamesed cylinders
Gasket with a cooling channel between the two bores