Following the Battle of Chapultepec, Santa Anna withdrew his forces from Mexico City, leading a portion in an attempt to take Puebla and cut off Scott's supply route from Veracruz.

General Winfield Scott had a series of garrisons posted along the route from Veracruz to Mexico City to protect his supply lines.

After the fall of Mexico City, General Antonio López de Santa Anna renounced his presidency and split his forces, taking half of them to try to retake Puebla.

[1]: 329  The attacks continued from 27 Sept. until 1 Oct.[1]: 329 At the end of September, Santa Anna departed with most of the Mexican forces to confront General Joseph Lane's relief column.

[1]: 329  Santa Anna was defeated at the Battle of Huamantla, allowing Lane to raise the siege on 12 Oct.[1]: 331