In the late-summer of 1657, Russian activity increased against Marienburg, which eventually led to its fall in December.

A boyar, who had been captured earlier, claimed that the entire Russian army, which had been estimated at some 20,000 men, was close.

[2][4]Oleg Kurbatov suggests that the reason for such actions on the part of the Russians was that they initially did not try to take the fortress, but wanted to distract the Swedes from invading Russia.

Otto Leonard von Bülow did a sortie with 13 cavalry and infantry, but was forced to withdraw back into the fortress after being wounded in his leg from a grenade.

The Russians were repulsed ten times by the garrison but eventually managed to blow one of the gates open, after which the commander, Mattias Hillgarten saw further resistance as unnecessary and surrendered on 11 December.