Sir Robert Anstruther, 1st Baronet (1658 – March 1737), of Wrae, Linlithgow, and Balcaskie, Fife, was a Scottish politician who sat in the Parliament of Scotland between 1681 and 1707 and in the British House of Commons from 1709 to 1710.
From 1689 to 1690, unlike his brother, he served the regime of King William on various local commissions.
[2] He was created a baronet of Wrae, Linlithgowshire and Balcaskie, Fife and Braemore, Caithness on 28 November 1694.
In Parliament he was frequently absent in the divisions on the Union and five of his only six votes were on the opposition side.
One of his sons was killed at the Battle of Preston in 1715 and another rose to the rank of general in the service of the Hanoverians.