Sir Robert Gordon of Gordonstoun (14 May 1580 – 1656) was a Scottish politician and courtier, known as the historian of the noble house of Sutherland.

Among the entertainments was a competition of archery in the garden of Holyrood Palace, at which Gordon gained the prize, a silver arrow.

He remained in Scotland for some time, and having settled his affairs in Sutherland, he returned with his family to England in November 1619, and in the succeeding May revisited France, when he disposed of his property of Longorme to Walter Stewart.

On 13 July in the same year James, Duke of Lennox, as lord high chamberlain of Scotland, appointed him his vice-chamberlain during his absence in France.

At the coronation of Charles I in Scotland in 1633, he, as vice-chamberlain, with four earls' sons, carried the king's train from the castle to the abbey.

The gentry of Morayshire in 1643 appointed him, along with Thomas McKenzie of Pluscarden and John Innes of Leuchars, to confer with the Marquis of Montrose.

A catalogue of Gordon's library was published in 1816; and the documents he collected, including his will dated 11 July 1654, were detailed in the 6th Report of the Historical Manuscripts Commission.

Having acquired various estates in the shires of Elgin and Forres, he had them all united into the barony of Gordonstoun, by a charter under the great seal, dated 20 June 1642.

[5] Gordon's bequests included; to his eldest son Ludovick, his insignia as a knight baronet; to Ludovick's son Robert Gordon, a cup, his whalebone chessmen, and a suite of furniture of a green bed and couch worked in tent stitch made by his mother-in-law Genevieve Petau; to his grandson Robert Barclay his silver coins; his wife Louise Gordon should leave the diamond jewel with the portrait of King James, that had belonged to her mother (Geneviève Petau de Maulette) who taught French to Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, to Ludovick and his son; his wife and Ludovick should continue building the church of Drenie, especially because they had demolished the church of Kinneddor.