Sir Robert Throckmorton, 3rd Baronet (10 January 1662 – 8 March 1720), was a member of a prominent English family of Roman Catholic dissenters.

The 3rd Baronet was one of the Catholic non-jurors, and upon his marriage to Mary Yate, acquired an estate at Buckland, at the north-western extremity of Berkshire.

[6] Together, they were the parents of:[3] Sir Robert died on 8 March 1720 and was buried at Weston Underwood, Buckinghamshire.

[3] Through his daughter Charlotte, he was a grandfather of Sir Henry Hunloke, 4th Baronet (1724–1804), who married Margaret Coke.

[3] Through his daughter Barbara, he was a grandfather of Maria Giffard, who married Sir Edward Smythe, 4th Baronet.