In most cases the Intelligence/"smartness" of the system can be attributed to autonomous operation based on closed loop control, resource management, and networking capabilities.
This term reflects the industrial requirement and particular challenge of integrating different technologies, component sizes, and materials into one system.
Smart systems address environmental, societal, and economic challenges like limited resources, climate change, population ageing, and globalization.
Key sectors in this context are transportation, healthcare, energy, safety and security, logistics, ICT, and manufacturing.
For example, Lab-on-a-chip devices have biochemical sensors that detect specific molecular markers in body fluids or tissue.