They state that traditional medicines and other treatments such as wound incision or excision, suction, or application of "black stones" should be avoided.
In Peru, a black stone is a small charred cow bone "applied to the site of a poisonous snakebite and tied firmly in place.
"[6] 13th century Persian/Iranian writer Kazwini describes the snake-stone in his work Aja'ib al-Makhluqat as being the size of a small nut.The quote about how the cure goes is as follows "An injury inflicted by a venomous creature is to be immersed in warm water or sour milk.
[8] The steps suggested in an African leaflet[9] are: A Nigerian study recommended "education on the need to avoid the use of popular first aid measures of doubtful benefit.
A Bolivian medical study stated: "contrary to widespread belief, no efficacy to treat envenomation may be expected of the BS" (black stone).