[6] The main tenet of the party was to represent the poorest and weakest in Polish society and to fight "against social exclusion, inequality and economic exploitation".

The RSS was founded on the basis of the Office for Social Justice (Polish: Kancelaria Sprawiedliwości Społecznej, KSS) run by Piotr Ikonowicz.

Its platform prioritised abolition of the so-called junk contracts, improvement of the position of trade unions, and banning eviction "onto the street".

[9] It had an ambivalent stance towards People's Republic of Poland, praising its progress on social justice but criticizing it for breaking up worker strikes.

[11] The party also stressed that it does not oppose nationalism nor clericalism, and praised the Catholic socialist Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland and its late leader Andrzej Lepper, whom Ikonowicz described as "a statesman".

[11] In the 2014 Polish local elections, RSS fielded for mayor of Warsaw Agata Nosal-Ikonowicz (wife of the party leader), who received 1.11% of the vote, coming 9th out of 11 candidates.

[14] In the elections in Wrocław, RSS co-founded a local committee, which fielded Konrad Rychlewski for mayor.,[15] who received 0.8% of the votes, taking the last place.

In the 2015 Polish parliamentary election, RSS activists comprised almost the entire Warsaw electoral list for the Sejm (opened by Piotr Ikonowicz).

The party stated that tens of thousands citizens of Warsaw are affected by reprivatization, and are forced into homelessness through the new owner either termining legal agreements with the hitherto tenants or raising rent prices.

In the 2019 European Parliament election in Poland, RSS ran as part of the Lewica Razem coalition, together with Left Together and Labour Union.

In the 2019 Polish parliamentary election, although the RSS did not join the Left coalition, party member Anna Wilk-Baran ran for the Sejm from the Piła list of the SLD, and she received 995 votes.

[28] The group's leader Piotr Ikonowicz and Anna Wilk-Baran ran for the Sejm from the lists of Nowa Lewica,[29] formed earlier as a result of the merger of the SLD and Spring.

The party aimed to protect the workers who "have to agree to poor working and pay conditions, to degrading treatment" and sustain violations of labour laws and non-payment of their wages.

The party also opposed Polish participation in wars, describing them as serving the interests of global corporations and "world's crooks", to the disadvantage and death of the poor.

Ikonowicz stated that he prefers Soviet communist to the "wild capitalism" of the West characterized by "total savagery, scrupulously concealed from the public of saturated democratic societies", but that he opposed it in the 1980s because of its tendency to break up strikes.

[11] Ikonowicz explained in an interview: My breakthrough in thinking about the People's Republic was triggered by a question I was asked by a young man from Asturias a long time ago in Spain.

[11]Along with stating its anti-capitalist and social character, the party also stressed the importance of participating in elections, with Ikonowicz arguing that "The losers are all those who do not take up the fight against the system."