Kimarite

Kimarite (Japanese: 決まり手) is the technique used in sumo by a rikishi (wrestler) to win a match.

It is officially decided or announced by the gyōji (referee) at the end of the match, though judges can modify this decision.

[1] A sumo match can still be won even without a kimarite, by the virtue of disqualification due to a kinjite (foul), such as striking with closed fist.

Abisetaoshi (浴びせ倒し, 'backward force down')[2] is a rarely used basic kimarite that pushes down the opponent into the ground back-first by leaning forward while grappling.

Oshitaoshi (押し倒し, 'frontal push down')[2] is similar to an oshidashi, except that the opponent falls down (as opposed to standing).

Tsukitaoshi (突き倒し, 'frontal thrust down')[2] is similar to a tsukidashi, except that the opponent falls down (as opposed to standing).

Ketaguri (蹴手繰り, "pulling inside ankle sweep") is a kimarite in which, directly after the tachi-ai, the attacker kicks the opponent's legs to the outside and thrusts or twists him down to the dohyō.

Kirikaeshi (切り返し, "twisting backward knee trip") is a kimarite in which the attacker places his leg behind the knee of the opponent, and while twisting the opponent sideways and backwards, sweeps him over the attacker's leg and throws him down.

This technique was used in a victory by Ishiura against Nishikigi on Day 8 (Sunday, November 17, 2019) of the Fukuoka Basho (Sumo Tournament), for the first time in makuuchi since Mainoumi in 1993.

Former UFC light heavyweight champion Lyoto Machida, with a sumo background, has successfully used this multiple times in the course of his mixed martial arts career.

Tsumatori (褄取り, "rear toe pick") is a kimarite in which, as the opponent is losing their balance to the front (or is moving forward), the attacker grabs the leg and pulls it back, thereby ensuring the opponent falls to the surface.

Shitatehineri (下手捻り, "twisting underarm throw") is a kimarite where a rikishi extends an arm under the opponent's arm to grasp the mawashi, then pulling the mawashi down until the opponent falls or touches his knee to the dohyō.

Shumokuzori (撞木反り, "bell hammer drop") is a technique carried out in the same position as a tasukizori, but the wrestler throws himself backwards, thus ensuring that his opponent lands first under him.

The name refers to tasuki, the cords used to tie the sleeves of the traditional Japanese kimono.

Okuritsuridashi (送り吊り出し, "rear lift out") occurs when one picks up the opponent by his mawashi from behind and throws him out of the dohyō.

Okuritsuriotoshi (送り吊り落とし, "rear lifting body slam") is performed when a rikishi picks up an opponent by his mawashi from behind and throw him down on the dohyō.

Tsuridashi (吊り出し, "lift out") is a technique in which, while wrestlers face each other, one picks up their opponent by his mawashi and delivers him outside of the dohyō.

Ushiromotare (後ろもたれ, "backward lean out") is called when, while the opponent is behind the rikishi, to back up and push him out of the dohyō.

Non-techniques (Japanese: 非技, romanized: higi) are the five ways in which a wrestler can win without employing a technique.

Koshikudake (腰砕け, "inadvertent collapse") is called when the opponent falls over backwards without a technique being initiated against him.

This can be as a result of a wrestler committing a foul (禁じ手, kinjite, "forbidden technique") or other violation, such as having his mawashi come undone.

[5] The Japan Sumo Association did not attempt to start standardizing kimarite decisions until 1935 and has modified its official list several times since.

Additionally, the Japan Sumo Association has, over time, phased out the use of various draw states in favor of rematches (取り直し, torinaoshi) and forfeitures.

[7][8] Similar to fusen, the various draw states were recorded visually in a different manner than normal victories and losses, employing white triangles for both wrestlers instead.