Following the Japanese invasion of China in July 1937, regional governments were established in Japanese-occupied territories.

On August 27, 1937, the Kwantung Army occupied Kalgan, the capital of the Chahar Province of the Republic of China.

On September 4, the South Chahar Autonomous Government was established by the Zhangjiakou Security Maintenance Association.

These three autonomous governments established the Mongolian Union Committee to facilitate each other's integration.

[1] In the South Chahar Autonomous Government, two supreme members elected from the political affairs committee played the role of administrative leaders.