TRW Inc.

The company served the U.S. Air Force as systems engineers on all subsequent ICBM development efforts[9] but TRW never produced any missile hardware because of the conflict of interest.

[10] In 1960, Congress spurred the formation of the non-profit Aerospace Corporation to provide systems engineering support to the U.S. government[6] but TRW continued to guide the ICBM efforts.

They grew frustrated with Howard Hughes' management, and formed the Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation in September 1953,[13] with the financial support of Thompson Products.

Ramo and Wooldridge were committee members, and Ramo-Wooldridge Corp. became the lead contractor of the resulting ICBM development effort, reporting to the United States Air Force.

[13] In February 1959, Jimmy Doolittle became chairman of the board of Space Technology Laboratories (STL), the division which continued to support the Air Force ICBM efforts.

[13] Other aerospace companies believed TRW's Air Force advisory role granted it unfair access to their technologies [15] and in September 1959, Congress issued a report recommending that STL be converted to a non-profit organization.

[2] Simon Ramo became president of the Bunker-Ramo Corporation in January 1964, jointly owned by TRW and Martin Marietta for the production of computers and monitors.

The Credit Data group was formed in 1970 [13] to compete with Dun & Bradstreet,[2] from the combination of TRWISS and ESL Incorporated[13] to specialize in technical strategic reconnaissance.

[22][23] Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, says that he got "his first big break" at age fifteen, debugging energy-grid control software for TRW.

TRW Systems Group designed and built the instrument package which performed the Martian biological experiments,[34] searching for life aboard the two Viking Landers launched in 1975.

[36] Subsequently, they produced the Advanced Vela series, first launched in 1967, which could detect nuclear air bursts using instruments actually called bhangmeters.

During Desert Storm, for example, DSP satellites were able to detect the launches of Iraqi Scud missiles and provide timely warnings to civilians and military forces in Israel and Saudi Arabia.

At the turn of 1964-65, the United States started the ambitious Bushmaster program to create small-caliber assault guns for arming promising infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) of the American Army.

[43][44] The Ramo-Wooldridge Corp formed Pacific Semiconductors in June 1954, under the leadership of Harper North who had been head of electronics R+D at Hughes Aircraft Company.

In 1965, engineers Don Nelson and Dick Pick at TRW developed the Generalized Information Retrieval Language and System, for use by the U.S. Army to control the inventory of Cheyenne helicopter parts.

[52] TRW LSI Products, Inc. was a wholly owned subsidiary formed to commercialize the integrated circuit technology the company had developed in support of its aerospace business.

[55] TRW also pioneered gallium arsenide (GaAs) chip applications for local multipoint distribution service (LMDS) systems, radios, and satellite communications.

Boyce and his accomplice, Andrew Daulton Lee, were the subjects of the best-selling 1979 Robert Lindsey book The Falcon and the Snowman, and the 1985 film of the same title.

Representatives from Space Technology Laboratories (STL) present their ICBM expertise to Don and Pete in Mad Men season 2 episode "The Jet Set".

The two sets of stairs shown are those leading to the cafeteria of Building S.[59] William Shatner had previously filmed at the TRW campus for the Outer Limits episode "Cold Hands, Warm Heart".

In the 1960s and 1970s, TRW stored trichloroethylene (TCE), a critical chemical for cooling and degreasing computer chips, in tanks deep underground in Sunnyvale, California for later use.

[75][76][77] The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) worked with TRW to treat the water with ultraviolet light and oxygenation and excavate the contaminated soil.

[81] In the 2000s, a bioremediation method developed by Stanford University using bacteria in molasses to naturally breakdown the TCE into harmless sub-compounds was implemented.

[84] Jared Blumenfeld, the former EPA director, said that TCE released in the air after the cleanup efforts reduces the concentrations to levels that eliminate health risks.

[85] Blumenfeld said that airborne TCE is not ideal, but the cleanup has reduced the toxins by 90% as of 2013[update], according to Max Shahbacian, the project's lead at California State Water Resources Control Board before it was transferred to the EPA, and geologist Michael Calhoun.

[86][87] In 2014 and 2015, a newly required vapor intrusion test of the surrounding residential area, including homes, apartment buildings, and four schools, showed unacceptable levels of TCE.

[90][91][92] In 2014, the region's congressional representative Anna Eshoo expressed concerns that the EPA had not been properly monitoring the site and notififying residents of a possible health issue.

[93] The EPA litigated with the responsible parties in order update its notification and testing measures to warn residents about possible exposure as early as possible and keeping people away from any unsafe areas.

[99][100][101] During his presidency, the EPA increased its use of consent decrees, or administrative settlements, to ensure progress continued under the budget cuts, forcing responsible parties to pay for the cleanup.

[107][108] An EPA study in 2019 had confirmed the previous remedies effective,[109] but Gjøvik told TechCrunch cracks in the floor were exposing employees to carcinogenic fumes.

A satellite reflector being developed by TRW near Cleveland , Ohio (1968)