It had an electoral pact with Partido Comunista de España Unificado ahead of the regional elections in Madrid of the same year.

When PCEU and other groups unified themselves as the Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain, PCOE chose not to participate in the merger.

In 1985, the majority faction, led by Enrique Lister, decided to dissolve the party and rejoin the PCE,[1] in a congress where the 10,000 members of the PCOE were represented.

The continued PCOE contested the 2015 Spanish elections, fielding candidates in two constituencies (Córdoba and Sevilla), and gaining 1,906 votes in total, and also competed in the 2016 Spanish general election, again only fielding candidates in Córdoba and Sevilla.

[3] In 2021, the PCOE is forming the Coalition for Communist Unity with the PCPE in the Madrid regional election.