Spencer Heath

[1] A dissenter from the prevailing Georgist views, he pioneered the theory of proprietary governance and community in his book Citadel, Market and Altar.

[2] His grandson, Spencer Heath MacCallum, popularized and expounded on his ideas, most notably in his book The Art of Community.

[5] Around 1898, attracted by the Georgists' free-trade stance, Spencer Heath became recording secretary for the Chicago Single Tax Club and participated in the movement for 40 years.

He assisted in the formation of the Henry George School of Social Science in New York City and conducted public seminars there on community organization in the early 1930s.

[6] In 1952, The Freeman published Heath’s polemic “Progress and Poverty Reviewed”, a critique of Henry George's tax argument.

In a review of the book Manas journal wrote: Mr. Heath returns to the socio-economic relationships of pre-Norman England for the foundation of an ideal society which will combine freedom and justice.

Mr. Heath's notion of ownership is very like Gandhi's conception of the stewardship of wealth: “In its Anglo-Saxon meaning, now only dimly realized, to own was to owe.

[10] Heath was good friends with, and exchanged free market insights with, alternative monetary theorist E. C. Riegel whose papers also are held by the Foundation.

[14] His views on community were discussed in John McClaughrey's 1995 article “Private Idahoes” in Reason Magazine,[15] a chapter of the 2001 book City and Country, called "The Completely Decentralized City: The Case for Benefits Based Public Finance"[16] and Gabriel Joseph Roth's 2006 book, Street Smart: Competition, Entrepreneurship, and the Future of Roads.