Stößensee Bridge

The Stößensee is a bulge of old Havel arms, the remains of which are preserved in the area of the Tiefwerder Wiesen with the Faulen See, the Hohlen Weg and the main ditch.

The original soft-ice glacial Rinnsee[2] lake, or the later Havel branch, had dug into the edge of the plateau, so that the bridge height of around 25 meters, which is unusual for Berlin conditions, had to be built.

Beyond the division of the lake, the embankment and the bridge connected the former island of Pichelswerder to the western land and turned the Werder into today's peninsula.

Juni, Bismarckstraße, Kaiserdamm, Heerstraße and, after the Berlin city limits, Hamburger Chaussee in Dallgow-Döberitz.

The road, built for military reasons, was public from the outset and opened up the western Grunewald forest and Pichelswerder for Berlin excursion traffic.

While the military, finance and forestry treasury as well as Berlin, Charlottenburg, Spandau, the district of Teltow, the district of Osthavelland and some municipalities were financially involved in the overall project,[3] the Stößensee Bridge was largely financed by the forestry treasury, which the Berlin Monument Database lists as the bridge's builder.

[4][5] The otherwise dead straight east–west axis of the entire street makes a single bend and turns slightly to the northwest at Scholzplatz.

The route supposedly drawn by Kaiser Wilhelm II using a ruler could not be adhered to for cost reasons, which were due to the difficulties of bridging the Havel lowlands.

A slimmed-down version with embankments in all the waterways touched and shorter bridges would still have cost 11.2 million marks.

Although the road, which simply continued straight ahead after the bend, reached the Döberitz military training area at a different point than planned, the deviation seemed justifiable to everyone involved in view of the significantly reduced costs and other advantages.

[7][8] Both the planners involved in the road construction and the bridge engineers endeavored to make the impact on nature as gentle as possible and to affect the landscape as little as possible.

According to Adolf Frey, the decision in favor of the small Stößensee bridge with the dam instead of a large bridge over the entire lake was made for landscape planning reasons, after the senior civil engineer Hoßrat had made sketches showing the effects of the variants on the landscape.

According to these sketches, a "dam, if it was built in the style of the adjacent banks with foreshore and planted accordingly, seemed to have less of an impact on the landscape than a [large] bridge."

The morning edition of the Berliner Tageblatt reported on March 1, 1907:"Fifty meters of dam sunk.

[10] Four years after the dam was completed, the local politician, historian and local historian Ernst Friedel noted that the planners might have opted for a longer bridge if they had known about the problems and the actual costs of backfilling: "They were thoroughly mistaken about the subsoil conditions of this ancient, rotten and overgrown lake.

If one had known that solid ground could only be found at the enormous depth of 35 meters, and that the burdened embankment on both sides had been constantly rising for months before one could stop and tame the escape of the pressed up mud masses with pile and fascine works, one might have preferred a longer bridge as cheaper."

The digested sludge masses were mixed with water to form a flowing slurry and pushed through hoses into the northern, silted-up part of the lake.

As the sandy embankment side does not form a fixed support point, the main load falls on the central pillar, which stands in the middle of the approximately 100-metre-long section next to the open shipping channel.

From July to October 2001, the state of Berlin carried out repair work because the south-western base had started to lean.

Before the expansion of the Autobahn 24, the connection was also the only transit route in the form of a country road, so that it could also be used by cyclists between West Berlin and the former federal territory.

It leads into Havelland, crosses the Berlin ring road and runs via Hamburg to the Danish border.

Route of the Heerstraße through the Havel lowlands with a bend at Scholzplatz on a map from around 1910. The lower black line shows the design line (according to Karl Bernhard ) with a dead straight continuation without a bend, which would have required bridging the Scharfe Lanke as well.
Overgrown southern flank of the embanked dam, Pichelswerder in the background on the left, view to the northwest.
View of the northern part of Lake Stößensee from the bridge.
Substructure of the bridge (view towards the dam).
View of the land pier during construction in 1908/1909 (in the foreground the four round support stones of the central girder).
Zwei der vier Auflager des Mittelpfeilers
Section through the land pier.
Bridging the remaining shipping channel of the two-part Stößensee (left: embankment fill, central pillar of the bridge, right: Grunewald side, view to the north-west).