Notable holdings, unveiled through the process of denazification, include documents related to the Holocaust (more than 500,000).

The archives also house the files of the Police Headquarters Stuttgart (de), the decorative folders and role books of the Staatstheater Stuttgart and all birth records of the Landesfrauenklinik Stuttgart (Stuttgart Women's State Hospital); the documents of the Teutonic Order, official books of the convent Ellwangen and documents of Ulm, Esslingen am Neckar, Heilbronn, and other former free imperial cities.

Both buildings were mechanically and structurally re-purposed to meet the safekeeping requirements of modern archives.

The buildings are connected by an underground corridor, through which a transport system delivers documents to researchers in the reading room.

Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg is one of eight constituent departments of Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg (de).