[2] This species is known from the Daraá River of the Rio Negro basin in Brazil.

[3] In S. gouldingi, the eyes are large and conspicuous, the nasal barbels are present but very short, the snout region of the head is elongate, and the mouth subterminal and not suckerlike.

The integument is very thin and transparent, and superficial muscles and some other internal structures are readily visible.

[4] This species is a mostly visually oriented microcarnivore, foraging on immature aquatic insects.

[4] The expansion of unpaved roads and the removal of riparian vegetation degrade forest stream dynamics and the ephemeral microhabitat of S. gouldingi, which may result in its local extirpation.