The steenbok /ˈsteɪnbɒk, ˈstiːn-/[a] (Raphicerus campestris) is a common small antelope of southern and eastern Africa.

[5] At least in the central part of Kruger National Park, South Africa, Steenbok show a distinct preference for Acacia tortilis savannah throughout the year, with no tendency to migrate to moister areas during the dry season (unlike many larger African savannah ungulates, including species sympatric with Steenbok in the wet season).

[7] Steenbok typically browse on low-level vegetation (they cannot reach above 0.9 m[8]), but are also adept at scraping up roots and tubers.

If a predator or perceived threat comes closer, a steenbok will leap away and follow a zigzag route to try to shake off the pursuer.

Escaping steenbok frequently stop to look back, and flight is alternated with prostration during extended pursuit.

Known predators include Southern African wildcat, caracal, jackals, leopard, martial eagle and pythons.

However, it has been suggested[5] that pairs occupy consistent territories while living independently, staying in contact through scent markings, so that they know where their mate is most of the time.

The male is aggressive during the female's oestrus, engaging in "bluff-and-bluster" type displays with rival males—prolonged contests invariably involve well-matched individuals, usually in their prime.