[3] Dolson played center for the UConn women's basketball team and won back-to-back national championships in 2013 and 2014.

[4][5] Dolson played volleyball and basketball at Minisink Valley High School in Slate Hill, New York[6] and was a member of the National Honor Society.

On March 8, Dolson recorded 24 points and 9 rebounds in a 73–64 win over Notre Dame at the Big East tournament title game.

Dolson was subsequently named to the Big East Rookie Team alongside teammate Bria Hartley.

Dolson started her second year in strong form, however, her output slowed, and her scoring average dropped below ten points for her last eighteen regular season games.

In the 2015 WNBA season opener against the Connecticut Sun, Dolson had a stand out dominating performance scoring 18 points and 12 rebounds in a winning effort.

The Mystics would once again reach the playoffs, with the fourth seed in the Eastern Conference, but were yet again a first round exit, losing to the New York Liberty in three games.

After three seasons with the Mystics, Dolson was traded to the Chicago Sky along with teammate Kahleah Copper, and the second overall pick in the 2017 WNBA draft, for Elena Delle Donne.

[18] By the end of the season, Dolson averaged new career-highs in scoring and rebounding with 14.5 ppg and 5.8 rpg, but the Sky finished 12-22 and were eliminated from playoff contention.

[24] Dolson reached the WNBA Finals for the second time in her career with the Liberty, but they lost the series 1–3 to the Las Vegas Aces.

[28] On August 17, 2024, in an 83–99 loss to the Minnesota Lynx, Dolson tied a WNBA record for the most made three-pointers without a miss with six.

[32] On November 12, 2024, it was announced that Dolson would appear and play in the inaugural 2025 season of Unrivaled, the women's 3x3 basketball league founded by Napheesa Collier and Breanna Stewart.

The 2011 USA Basketball U19 World Championship Team that posted an 8–1 record and captured the gold medal in Valdivia, Chile.

The daughter of Steve and Kristal Dolson, Stefanie has two older sisters, Ashley and Courtney, and one younger brother, Jake.

She spoke out on her sexuality in an interview with ESPN Magazine by saying: "Not everyone in the WNBA needs to be out, but I feel called to lead an authentic life in the open.

"[37] In 2019, Dolson played on the "Away" roster during the NBA All-Star Celebrity Game at the Bojangles Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina.