Stephan Jakob Neher (24 July 1829 – 7 October 1902) was a German Catholic priest and church historian.
After the gymnasium school Neher devoted himself to the study of theology in the University of Tübingen.
After ordination, he worked as pastor of Dorfmerkingen, then of Tübingen, and finally of Nordhausen (in the district of Ellwangen, Württemberg).
In addition, Neher devoted himself throughout his life to intellectual pursuits, principally to canon law and church history, giving his attention, in the latter study, chiefly to ecclesiastical geography and statistics.
His book on the celebration of two Masses by a priest on the same day in canon law was entitled Die Bination nach ihrer geschichtlichen Entwicklung und nach dem heutigen Recht (Ratisbon, 1874).