He fell into the Fort Worth music scene after graduating from Texas Christian University when he joined Kris Kristofferson's band as the latter's career was about to take off; their collaboration and friendship lasted more than 40 years.
Bruton worked with such artists and musicians as NRBQ, T Bone Burnett, Bonnie Raitt, Gene Clark, Rita Coolidge, Christine McVie, Elvis Costello, Delbert McClinton, Sonny Landreth and Carly Simon.
He produced albums for Alejandro Escovedo, Marcia Ball, Jimmie Dale Gilmore, Hal Ketchum, Storyville, Kris Kristofferson, Chris Smither, Ray Wylie Hubbard, and Hellbillies.
Kristofferson noted: "This album is dedicated to the spirit of my soul-brother Stephen Bruton and his unique legacy of music and laughter that has enriched our lives.
"[citation needed] In June 2012, Little Feat released Rooster Rag (Hot Tomato/Rounder Records), containing a collaboration, "Just a Fever", that he wrote with group guitarist Paul Barrere.