Stock tie

Originally a form of neck-cloth that was often stiffened and usually close-fitting, formerly worn by men generally, but post-nineteenth century only in use in military uniforms.

[1] Another type of stock is worn by certain clergy and consists of black silk or other fabric, that falls over the chest and is secured by a band around the neck.

[2] Equestrians wear a stock tie around the neck when dressed formally for a hunt or certain competitive events.

Sometimes the stock tie was starched or otherwise reinforced to be stiff around the neck; with the chin forced up, it was presumed that the wearer would look more important and formal.

Some stock ties buckled or hooked up the back, and sometimes had bows or ruffles attached to the front.