Stonustoxine increases the blood vessel's permeability and dilates capillaries, enabling a faster distribution of the venom.
Finally, cardioleputin increases heart rate which further speeds up the distribution of the venom throughout the entire bloodstream.
At first, it was thought that the impairment of the respiratory system due to paralysis of the skeletal muscles was the main cause of death in stonefish venom envenomation cases, however, it was found that hypotension was the main cause of the venom's lethality (Low, 1993).
Envenomation by the stonefish will result in extreme pain, edema, hypotension, respiratory distress, internal bleeding, and in some occasions, death.
The weak intermolecular forces connecting the tertiary and quaternary structures are weakened by extreme heat.
[3] When a 47-year-old woman stung by a stonefish while diving was brought to the hospital, various anesthetics were administered but her pain remained severe.