Stoughton was settled in 1713, and officially incorporated in 1726 from the southwestern portion of the large town of Dorchester.

[2] The Suffolk Resolves were written in Old Stoughton (current day Milton, Massachusetts) at Doty's Tavern.

In 1893, this musical society distinguished itself by performing several concerts at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, heard by an audience of several thousand people.

[5] The “Save Our Stoughton” campaign attracted national attention in the 1980s for their work picketing a local adult book store.

The station is unique in another way as it was built out of stones from a West Street quarry that belonged to Stoughton resident Myron Gilbert.

Over one million dollars was raised to restore the station to its original luster in time for the 100th anniversary.

Stoughton borders Canton to the north, Randolph to the northeast, Avon to the east, Brockton to the southeast, Easton to the south, and Sharon to the west.

Stoughton has a history of manufacturing and an emerging cluster of regional retail, as well as a substantial base of land zoned for commercial and industrial purposes.

The town has significant protected open space resources, including the Bird Street Sanctuary, water department lands, recreational fields, and a municipal golf course.

Additional privately owned, but not protected, undeveloped lands are an important factor in the character of the community.

The Total Value of all taxable Real Property was $4,021,541,014 in 2018, an increase of 6% compared to the previous year, due to "improved market values and conditions improved and included growth in construction of new residential, commercial, industrial dwellings and personal property."

Other Stoughton attractions include local drama groups, summer-time outdoor concerts, and annual parades to honor veterans.

The town of Stoughton organizes swimming programs at the Ames Long Pond and provides a public basketball court, barbecue spots and picnic areas at Halloran Park.

It offers skills programs for 5-year-old children; t-ball and instructional leagues for ages 6 and 7; and divisions for 8- and 9-year-olds, and 10-, 11- and 12-year-olds.

The Board of Selectmen of the town consists of five members, all of whom are elected at large for a term of three years.

The selectmen appoint a town manager, who is the chief administrative officer in the executive branch of government.

The Brockton Area Transit Authority (BAT) provides local bus service.