[2] The Streichmelodion was created in 1856 by Leopold Breit in Brno, evolving from the alpine zither and inspired by the Streichzither [de].

[3] The Breitoline is described as having a richer, more robust tone than the Streichzither, and has a compass slightly lower than that of a viola.

[5] Many Streichmelodions were produced in Markneukirchen at the Ernst Rudolph Glier factory during the 19th century.

[6] The instrument has a bridge, with its ribs having a steep curve, similar to those of the viol de gamba.

[10][11] Streichzithers came in various different sizes, including viola, cello and bass, although tunings for each are disputed.