Stylocline citroleum is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name oil neststraw.

[2] This inconspicuous annual herb produces a grayish, trailing, forking stem no more than 13 centimeters (5.1 in) long.

The inflorescence bears spherical flower heads just a few millimeters long with tiny, rough-haired phyllaries and scaly, woolly florets.

The occurrences are patchy and variable in size, and some sources consider them to be part of a single widely spread metapopulation.

[3][5] Stylocline citroleum grows in the valley saltbush scrub ecosystem in the sandy flats and clay soils of the San Joaquin Valley in areas developed into oil fields, the inspiration for the common and scientific names of the species.