[1] Treating psychosis involves a very thorough evaluation, including medical history, family background, symptoms, and other potential causes.
[5] Treatment prioritizes emergent symptoms, evaluates for underlying mental illnesses, and focuses on behavioral and preventative measures against substance use.
[7] The substance present was the primary predictor of transition from drug-induced psychosis to schizophrenia, with highest rates associated with cannabis (34% (25–46%)), hallucinogens (26% (14–43%)) and amphetamines (22% (14–34%)).
Transition rates were slightly lower in older cohorts but were not affected by sex, country of the study, hospital or community location, urban or rural setting, diagnostic methods, or duration of follow-up.
However, there is evidence that caffeine, in extreme acute doses or when taken in excess for long periods of time, may induce psychosis.