Sudetendeutsches Freikorps

Officially registered as a promoter organization, [clarification needed] the Freiwilliger Schutzdienst was dissolved on 16 September 1938 by the Czechoslovak authorities due to its implication in many criminal and terrorist activities.

[12] Shortly after the Anschluss of Austria to Germany, Henlein met with Hitler in Berlin on 28 March 1938, where he was instructed to raise demands unacceptable to the Czechoslovak government of president Edvard Beneš.

Several shots are fired in both directions, leading to the death of one German while police officers Lodr, Anděl and Čmelák suffer injuries in the scuffle.

Later during the day reinforcements of 60 policemen and an army unit including tanks and infantry fighting vehicles arrive, fully restoring order in the town.

Severely outnumbered and with orders preventing them from returning fire in the direction of Germany proper, they load the wounded Nový and Kazda and drive back to the police station.

The police chief burns all secret files; shortly thereafter the mob breaks through the doors and all 45 members of Czechoslovak security forces surrender with no shots being fired.

[25] After successfully dealing with the situation in Stříbrná (see elsewhere in this table), Sergeant Major František Novák is ordered to send a patrol to Bublava with which the regional HQ lost telephone contact.

[27] The official purpose of the Freikorps, as stated in a telegram to the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, was the "protection of Sudeten Germans and maintaining further unrest and armed clashes".

[32] Although the official directive allowed only ethnic Germans with Czechoslovak citizenship to be part of the Freikorps, due to the low number of officers among the deserters, their places were filled with members of the Nazi Sturmabteilung.

[citation needed] Meanwhile, the Green Cadres, as well as other ordners that did not join the Freikorps, were armed with a variety of hunting rifles and shotguns, pistols, as well as many sub-machine guns that had been previously supplied by Germany to the Ordnersgruppe/Freiwilliger Schutzdienst.

Normally, SDG would function only in a very limited way necessary to ensure full readiness of its structure (under authority of the Ministry of Interior), with its ranks being filled up with personnel in case of emergency (under military command).

Its personnel was ordered not to return any fire over the border towards Germany and was allowed to retreat only in the afternoon of 22 September, when it joined the local SDG squad in its attempt to get further inland (see below).

Germans started crossing border bridge at about 3 AM on 21 September 1938 and mounted four attack waves with 30–40 men each against the SDG building, using not only firearms, but also hand grenades and dynamite.

During the day after the night fight, Czechoslovak SDG members and army soldiers ostentatiously played volleyball right on the border line, some of them with bandages covering their wounds.

A part of the squad broke through, but 15 members of SDG were captured by the ethnic German rebels, disarmed, and abducted to Germany where they were interned by local authorities in a concentration camp.

76 was retreating from border town Varnsdorf which was overrun by pro-Nazi German ethnic mob where was stationed also another SDG squad, whose leader collaborated with Nazis and ordered its members to surrender weapons to Freikorps.

The squad stopped close to a gas pump in Dolní Podluží, with three customs officers driving to it to fill their motorbikes and others establishing a defensive position nearby.

Two civilians loyal to the Czechoslovak state, a teacher from Frýdlant school Otakar Kodeš and ethnic German communist Perner, decided to investigate the actual situation in Heřmanice.

Later in the evening SDG was reinforced by 9th Company of 48th Infantry Regiment with two armored vehicles and took control of all three towns; while retreating to Germany, the Freikorps set the customs house in Libná on fire, burning it to the ground.

[55] Freikorps successfully gained control over police stations in the nearby towns of Albrechtice and Zlaté Hory, cutting both main routes from Liptáň with the rest of the Czech inland.

Later in the evening, local Freikorps members opened a secret stash of German army rifles and submachine guns that had been previously smuggled across the border and stored within a railway station.

A large mob of Czechoslovak ethnic Germans that had previously left to Germany came to the border crossing in the town Vidnava carrying Nazi swastika banners.

Freikorps then let the seriously wounded be taken on a train with expelled ethnic Czech civilians bound for Jeseník while the few remaining SDG members left on foot through the woods to Zighartice.

As the two Germans ran across border to Germany, other assailants opened machine gun fire, forcing two remaining customs officers (not present in the room at the time of shooting) to withdraw to another building in the municipality held by SDG squad.

The order specifically mentioned that telegrams must reach Hitler before his planned meeting with Chamberlain, and at the same time they were to be sent in a manner that did not connect them back to Freikorps nor raise suspicion of concerted action.

[66] As the Czechoslovak forces started retaking territory lost in previous days, retreating Freikorps looted public buildings and "confiscated" money and valuables from bank vaults.

[66] Two state policemen on a motorbike with a sidecar were patrolling the area around local branch of Česká zbrojovka small arms maker when they were ambushed by 8 Freikorps members.

The Freikorps push inland was stopped at a hamlet two kilometers from Libá and the line of contact stabilized at this place for a few days with sporadic exchanges of rifle fire.

SDG Squad (armed with rifles, hand grenades, and one light machine gun) established a defensive post in the woods next to the municipal graveyard and sent 4 members to patrol near a train stop by the border.

[74] Based on the successful utilization of the Freikorps' tactics against Czechoslovakia and in psychological warfare against Czechoslovak allies, the Abwehr later in September 1939 established the so-called "1st Construction Training Company for special purposes" (1.

Czech districts with an ethnic German population in 1934 of 20% or more (pink), 50% or more (red), and 80% or more (dark red) [ 10 ] [ 11 ] in 1935
Bergmann MP18 . Ordner were supplied with many sub-machineguns provided by, and smuggled from, Germany
Members of the Czechoslovak Army on an armoured vehicle ready for action against the Freikorps
Municipality of Aš
Jeseník District
Český Krumlov District
Trutnov District
District Ústí nad Orlicí
Český Krumlov District
Náchod District
Znojmo District
Klatovy District
Municipality of Aš
Bruntál District
Liberec District
Jeseník District
Petrovice
Cheb District
District Rychnov nad Kněžnou
Jeseník District
Jeseník District
Český Krumlov District
Varnsdorf
Jeseník District
Děčín District
Memorial to Jan Teichman and Josef Kozel
Liberec District
Liberec District
Náchod District
Znojmo District
Liberec District
Jeseník District
Náchod District
Bruntál District
Český Krumlov District
Náchod District
Český Krumlov District
Bruntál District
Jeseník District
Varnsdorf
Jeseník District
Jeseník District
Polish offensive in Karviná District : On 23–24 September Poland gave an order to the so-called "battle units" of the " Trans-Olza Legion", made up of volunteers from all over Poland, to cross the border to Czechoslovakia and attack Czechoslovak units. [ 64 ] This followed an official Polish request of 21 September for a direct transfer of the Trans-Olza area to its own control, [ 65 ] and placing some 60,000 Polish soldiers along the border on 22 September. [ 64 ] By this time, however, Czechoslovak border fortifications in the area were already manned and in full combat readiness. The Polish charge was repulsed and attacking units retreated to Poland without gaining any ground. [ 64 ]
Liberec District
Varnsdorf
Brandov
Bruntál District
Municipality of Libá within the Aš District
Jeseník District
Brandov
Český Krumlov District
Františkovy Lázně
Memorial to Josef Röhrich
Chomutov District
Chomutov District
Chomutov District