At that point, however, the neighbor of the apartment owner, who was an agent of the tsarist secret police, picked up the scraps of the leaflet and informed them that Afandiyev had torn them up and thrown them away.

In addition, I had to carry out all the work on printing proclamations and illegal newspapers in the Turkic language using hectographic and typographic methods.Afandiyev took part in the general strike of Baku workers in 1904, acting as one of the delegates at the negotiations with oil industrialists, which took place on December 30, 1904 in the building of the Electric Power Joint-Stock Company.

After qualifying as a physician in 1915 he began working as a doctor at a medical observation point ("cholera barracks") in the village of Vasilsursk in the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate until he was transferred to Vladimirovka.

The resolution adopted following the conference included a clause on the insincere behavior of Afandiyev, Hamid Sultanov and other communists and the investigation of their "case".

Mir Jafar Baghirov, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the AKP, and Yuvelian Sumbatov-Topuridze, minister of internal affairs of the ASSR, demanded that he confess to anti-Soviet, counterrevolutionary activities.

Baghirov's principal accusation against Afandiyev was that "you sent your so-called relatives in quotation marks to Moscow, giving them a statement on the leadership of the Central Committee of the CP(b) of Azerbaijan."

At the end of the month, the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR Mikhail Kalinin requested information about the circumstances of Afandiyev’s case, but Baghirov reported that he had been removed from his post and arrested for counterrevolutionary activity.

According to D. P. Voznichuk, who worked as a senior prison warden, “…the chairman of the Central Election Commission Afandiyev and former employee of the agencies Pavlov were subjected to brutal beatings.

On November 23, 1955, the Prosecutor General of the USSR Roman Rudenko sent a note to the Central Committee of the CPSU on the rehabilitation of S. M. Afandiyev.

With the downfall and execution of Lavrentiy Beria in 1954 Baghirov not only lost his chief protector but found himself on trial for, among other things, bringing about the deaths of Afandiyev and other senior communists during the Great Purge.