Nevertheless, a later Ternatan ruler called Komalo Pulo (1377–1432) conquered some villages on Halmahera and forced the King of Jailolo to cede his precedence position.

The couple sired four sons called Buka, Darajat, Sahajat and Mashur-ma-lamo, who became the ancestors of the kings of Bacan, Jailolo, Tidore, and Ternate.

The losing side emigrated from Jailolo to Hitu in Ambon Island where their leader Jamilu became a renowned Muslim chief who fought the Portuguese invaders.

[8] Tomé Pires, in his geographical work Suma Oriental (c. 1515) confirms that Jailolo and Ternate were often at war, and writes that much wild clove grew in the kingdom, which was still largely heathen in spite of the king being a Muslim.

[9] Antonio Pigafetta of the Magellan expedition, who visited Maluku in 1521–1522, says that there were two Muslim kings in Jailolo Island (that is, Halmahera), each with several hundred wives.

[10] As a consequence of this alliance, Jailolo also allied with the Spanish who were periodically posted in Tidore, and opposed the might of Portugal which had built a stronghold in Ternate in 1522-23 and tried to appropriate the clove trade.

[15] When he invaded Gamkonora and the recently Christianized villages in Morotai and Morotia (in north Halmahera), he invoked the enmity of the Portuguese, who made strong proselytizing efforts to spread Catholicism.

The defiant stance of Katarabumi eventually led to an invasion in Halmahera by the Portuguese Captain Bernaldim de Sousa and Sultan Hairun of Ternate.

[18] In order to avoid actual subjugation to Ternate, Katarabumi and his family left the main residence and moved to a simple dwelling in the forest, while the Portuguese tried in vain to persuade him to hail Hairun.

However, Hairun took a severe revenge on Kaicili Gujarati in about 1560 as he was attacked on a sea trip by a Ternatan fleet and killed with arrows together with part of the nobility of the kingdom.

[21] The vassal status of the Jailolo princes was henceforth sealed by regular marriages with the Ternatan Sultan's family, where Ternate acted as wife-givers.

Towards the end of the 16th century an unnamed ruler was forced by his brother to flee Jailolo and settle with his brother-in-law, the Sultan of Brunei, with his mother and daughters.

[28] This prince took part on the side of the rebels in the Great Ambon War where dissatisfied Malukans fought the monopolistic Dutch East India Company from 1651 to 1656.

At the close of this war, that ravaged parts of Central Maluku extensively, Raja Jailolo was captured by a Dutch officer off the coast of Buru Island in 1656.

Alam was an apt figure who held the function of Gogugu (first minister) in Ternate and married Mahir Gam-ma-lamo, a daughter of Sultan Mandar Syah.

[34] Dissatisfaction with the intrusive policy of the Dutch East India Company led to a rebellion in Maluku and Papua after 1780, which was headed by the Tidore prince Nuku.

Nuku shared the old vision of a return to the four kingdoms of Maluku, Maloko Kië Raha, which required the restoration of the Sultanate of Jailolo.

A former Jojau (chief minister) of Tidore called Muhammad Arif Bila, originally from Makian, traced his pedigree from Alam[35] and was groomed by Nuku as throne candidate.

When Nuku temporarily managed to take control over Jailolo in 1796 he formally enthroned Muhammad Arif Bila, thus recreating the old quadripartition.

[36] Whether the Jailolo sultanate was still in living memory among the population of Halmahera is unclear; the restoration was in fact a way by Nuku to strengthen his position vis-à-vis the Dutch-allied Ternate and Bacan.

When they refused to do so, Nuku and Muhammad Arif Bila invaded Halmahera with a fleet of 47 kora-koras and summoned the local elite to a conference to anchor their claims.

However, the Dutch possessions in Maluku were captured by the English East India Company in 1810, and the British promptly arrested the pretender-Sultan in 1811 and kept him in custody in Ambon, since they had no interest in maintaining the Raja Jailolo movement.

Instead, the following of the Sultan grew as many people from the Ternatan and Tidorese parts of Halmahera migrated to his domain in Ceram, escaping oppressive conditions at home.

The Papuan Islands and West Papua were also influenced by the Raja Jailolo movement, and the Sultan was even able to cooperate with the pirates of Maguindanao in southern Philippines.

[41] The Governor of Ambon, P. Merkus, tried in vain to stop the widespread piracy, which continued after Hatiling had been captured in 1823, As a last resort he finally called back the ex-sultan Muhammad Asgar from Java in 1825.

[42] This was the definitive end of the sultanate, and the Halmaherans largely left for their home island; however, the unrest continued with widespread piracy and slaving that was not entirely suppressed until the early 20th century.

A grandnephew of the last Sultan Jailolo, Dano Baba Hasan, left his home in Ambon in 1875 and started to make followers in eastern Halmahera.

[44] Baba Hasan was proclaimed Sultan Jailolo in June 1876 and was able to dominate wide regions on the island such as Weda, Maba, Patani and Gane.

Waigeo, one of the Papuan Islands, sent tributary gifts to him, before a police brigade made a quick end to the attempt to recreate Jailolo.