Like the county in which it resides, Sumterville was named after General Thomas Sumter, a hero of the American Revolutionary War.

In 1902, a black man named Henry Wilson was convicted of murder in a trial that lasted just two hours and forty minutes.

[2][3] In response to a white mob demanding his execution date be moved up, officials acquiesced, authorizing Wilson to be hanged.

County Road 470 runs east and west, has a short concurrency with US 301, and also acts as the shared northern terminus of SR 471.

Interstate 75 runs along the western edge of Sumterville, as does County Road 475 and the CSX Wildwood Subdivision, which carried Amtrak's Palmetto until 2004.